Textual Variations of the Koran by D. S.
Margoliouth.
Refuting & Exposing the Ignorance of D. S. Margoliouth!
By:
Shahid Bin Waheed شاهد بن
وحيد
بسم الله
الرحمن
الرحيم
الحمدلله
رب العالمين
والصلوة
والسلام على اشرف
الانبياء
وسيدالمرسلين
نبينا محمد صل
ا لله عليه
وعلى آله
واصحابه
وازواجه
اجمعين - امابعد
All the praises and thanks
be to Allaah, Sustainer of the Universe, and blessing
and salutation to be the most distinguish of the Messengers and
foremost among the Prophets, our Prophet Muhammad,
peace and blessings of Allaah be on him and on his wives, children and
Companions.
Orientalist D. S. Margoliouth claimed
that Prophet Muhammad صلى
الله عليه
وسلم
had once forgotten a verse (See Encyclopedia of
Religion and Ethics p. 543) using a
Hadeeth from Sahih Bukhari (Sahih Bukhari Fadail al Qur’aan v2. p.753 & Sahih Muslim v1, p276). By citing this Hadeeth Margoliouth has attempted to suggest that if Prophet Muhammad صلى
الله عليه
وسلم
can forget one verse at any time, it may possibly happen with other verses as
well.
Margoliouth’s
objection is so absurd and baseless that even an individual with average
intelligence will not accept it. It happens to all of us sometime that we may
not remember something and/or may not have something on the forefront of our
memory and/or may have in our memory but we don’t have that at the tip of our
tongue etc. due to prolonged dissociation with it. So, if we do not have
something fresh in our memory, but as soon as some one mentions about it or we
come to think or we come to read; that becomes fresh in our memory again. In
fact, this is not forgetfulness; it is rather a temporary dissociation of
thought. That is what we read in Sahih Bukhari, thus, terming it forgetfulness
on the basis of such incident is the peak of travesty that is nothing but sheer
bigotry.
Had D. S. Margoliouth exercised his brain with insight and justice, he would have realized that this incident he has cited actually proves that Allaah has safeguarded the Glorious Qur’aan in such as extraordinary fashion that there exist no possibility for any part of Glorious Qur’aan to become lost. Thus, the incident cited by the D.S. Margoliouth simply proves the reality that every single Ayaah (verse) of the Glorious Qur’aan was made to be memorized by so many people including Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم {who was the first Hafiz-e-Qur’aan} that if ever an Ayaah (a verse) did not remain fresh in the memory of any Muslim let alone Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم for the time being, there was no possibility of it getting lost. Please read Preservation of Glorious Qur’aan & Sunnah.
The irony of Margoliouth’s character is, his mental instability and
ignorance of Arabic let alone Glorious
Qur’aan and Ahadeeth; that is obvious since first he cited Imaam Bukhari in the
above rhetoric as his source and then later he slandered against Imaam Bukhari,
as we read:
Margoliouth
says that Imaam Bukhari has stated that the sentence:
ان
تصلوا ما بينى
و بينكم من
القربة اِلَّا
was a
divine revelation through Wahy, but the
commentators say that this sentence does not exist in the Glorious Qur’aan (where
is the proof?). Therefore, they consider this sentence as an explanatory
note to the Qur’aanic Ayaah (verse 23) of Surah Ash-Shura.
(See Encyclopedia of
Religion and Ethics V. 1, Page 543)
Surah Ash-Shura 23
ذَلِكَ
الَّذِي
يُبَشِّرُ
اللَّهُ
عِبَادَهُ
الَّذِينَ
آمَنُوا
وَعَمِلُوا
الصَّالِحَاتِ
قُلْ لَا
أَسْأَلُكُمْ
عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا
إِلَّا
الْمَوَدَّةَ
فِي
الْقُرْبَى
وَمَنْ
يَقْتَرِفْ
حَسَنَةً
نَزِدْ لَهُ فِيهَا
حُسْنًا
إِنَّ
اللَّهَ
غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ
That is (the Paradise) whereof Allâh gives glad tidings to His slaves who believe (in the Oneness of Allâh - Islâmic Monotheism) and do righteous good deeds. Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم): "No reward do I ask of you for this except to be kind to me for my kinship with you." {1} And whoever earns a good righteous deed, We shall give him an increase of good in respect thereof. Verily, Allâh is Oft-Forgiving, Most Ready to appreciate (the deeds of those who are obedient to Him).
{1} (V.42: 23) i.e. I do not ask
for any reward from you (in the form of wealth, money, etc.) for my preaching
of Islamic Monotheism, but I only request you not to harm me for the kinship
between you and me, as you are my tribesmen, and you have more right to obey me
and follow me in my doctrine of Islamic Monotheism.
The absurd claim made by Orientalist D. S.
Margoliouth is a classic example of dishonesty and prejudice not to
mention sheer ignorance of Arabic and Glorious Qur’aan. Margoliouth’s slander against great
Imaam Bukhari is his desperate attempt to create a false impression that Imaan
Bukhari considered a sentence (cited above) as part of Glorious
Qur’aan, which is not found in the Qur’aan as present. Any individual with knowledge to Arabic (especially) and
English in general can look into Sahih
Bukhari and find that he has copied the
verse (Ayaah) in exact words as it is found in the Glorious Qur’aan. And the sentence ILLA ANN TASILOU (spelling
in Roman?) is
written as its explanation.
Sahih Bukhari: 1 -CHAPTER: The saying of Allah (the Exalted and Almighty): -
«Except to be kind to me for my kinship with you (42:23)
[4818] Ibn Abbas (may Allah be
pleased with him) narrated that he was asked (regarding): -
«Except to be kind to me for my kinship with you. (42:23) Sa'id bin Zubair (who was present then) said: «It means here (to show what is due for) the relatives of Muhammad (The blessing and peace of Allah be upon him)». On that Ibn Abbas said: You have hurried in giving the answer! There was no branch of the tribe of Quraish but the Prophet (The blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) had relatives therein. The Prophet (The blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) said: «(I do not want anything from you) except to be kind to me for my Kinship with you».
The same Hadeeth حديث in original language Arabic:
حَدَّثَنَا
مُحَمَّدُ
بْنُ
بَشَّارٍ
حَدَّثَنَا
مُحَمَّدُ
بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ
حَدَّثَنَا
شُعْبَةُ
عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ
بْنِ
مَيْسَرَةَ
قَالَ
سَمِعْتُ
طَاوُسًا عَنْ
ابْنِ
عَبَّاسٍ
رَضِيَ
اللَّهُ
عَنْهُمَا
أَنَّهُ
سُئِلَ عَنْ
قَوْلِهِ إِلَّا
الْمَوَدَّةَ
فِي
الْقُرْبَى
فَقَالَ
سَعِيدُ بْنُ
جُبَيْرٍ
قُرْبَى آلِ
مُحَمَّدٍ
صَلَّى
اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
فَقَالَ ابْنُ
عَبَّاسٍ
عَجِلْتَ
إِنَّ
النَّبِيَّ
صَلَّى
اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
لَمْ يَكُنْ
بَطْنٌ مِنْ
قُرَيْشٍ
إِلَّا كَانَ
لَهُ فِيهِمْ
قَرَابَةٌ فَقَالَ إِلَّا
أَنْ
تَصِلُوا مَا
بَيْنِي
وَبَيْنَكُمْ
مِنْ
الْقَرَابَةِ
Compare it again with Ayaah 42:23!
Surah Ash-Shura 23
ذَلِكَ
الَّذِي
يُبَشِّرُ
اللَّهُ
عِبَادَهُ
الَّذِينَ
آمَنُوا
وَعَمِلُوا
الصَّالِحَاتِ
قُلْ لَا
أَسْأَلُكُمْ
عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا
إِلَّا
الْمَوَدَّةَ
فِي
الْقُرْبَى
وَمَنْ
يَقْتَرِفْ
حَسَنَةً
نَزِدْ لَهُ فِيهَا
حُسْنًا
إِنَّ
اللَّهَ
غَفُورٌ
شَكُورٌ
That is (the Paradise) whereof
Allâh gives glad tidings to His slaves who believe (in the Oneness of Allâh - Islâmic Monotheism) and do righteous good deeds. Say (O
Muhammad صلى
الله عليه و
سلم):
"No reward do I ask of you for this except
to be kind to me for my kinship with you." {1}
And whoever earns a good righteous
deed, We shall give him an increase of good in respect thereof. Verily, Allâh
is Oft-Forgiving, Most Ready to appreciate (the deeds
of those who are obedient to Him).
Explanation of Hadeeth حديث!
حَدِيث
طَاوُسٍ "
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس
سُئِلَ عَنْ
تَفْسِيرهَا ,
فَقَالَ
سَعِيد بْن
جُبَيْر :
قُرْبَى آلِ
مُحَمَّد ,
فَقَالَ
اِبْن عَبَّاس
: عَجِلْت "
أَيْ
أَسْرَعْت
فِي التَّفْسِير
. وَهَذَا
الَّذِي
جَزَمَ بِهِ
سَعِيد بْن
جُبَيْر قَدْ
جَاءَ عَنْهُ
مِنْ رِوَايَته
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس
مَرْفُوعًا
فَأَخْرَجَ
الطَّبَرِيُّ
وَابْن أَبِي
حَاتِم مِنْ طَرِيق
قَيْس بْن
الرَّبِيع
عَنْ
الْأَعْمَش
عَنْ سَعِيد
بْن جُبَيْر
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس
قَالَ :
لَمَّا
نَزَلَتْ
قَالُوا يَا
رَسُول
اللَّه مَنْ
قَرَابَتك
الَّذِينَ
وَجَبَتْ
عَلَيْنَا
مَوَدَّتهمْ
؟ الْحَدِيث ,
وَإِسْنَاده
ضَعِيف ,
وَهُوَ
سَاقِط
لِمُخَالَفَتِهِ
هَذَا
الْحَدِيث
الصَّحِيح .
وَالْمَعْنَى
إِلَّا أَنْ
تَوَدُّونِي
لِقَرَابَتِي
فَتَحْفَظُونِي
, وَالْخِطَاب
لِقُرَيْشٍ
خَاصَّةً ,
وَالْقُرْبَى
قَرَابَة
الْعُصُوبَة
وَالرَّحِم ,
فَكَأَنَّهُ
قَالَ
اِحْفَظُوا
لِلْقَرَابَةِ
إِنْ لَمْ
تَتَّبِعُونِي
لِلنُّبُوَّةِ
. ثُمَّ
ذَكَرَ مَا
تَقَدَّمَ
عَنْ
عِكْرِمَة
فِي سَبَب
نُزُول
وَقَدْ
جَزَمَ
بِهَذَا التَّفْسِير
جَمَاعَة
مِنْ
الْمُفَسِّرِينَ
وَاسْتَنَدُوا
إِلَى مَا
ذَكَرْته
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس مِنْ
الطَّبَرَانِيِّ
وَابْن أَبِي
حَاتِم ,
وَإِسْنَاده
وَاهٍ فِيهِ ضَعِيف
وَرَافِضِيّ .
وَذَكَرَ
الزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ
هُنَا
أَحَادِيث
ظَاهِر
وَضْعهَا ,
وَرَدَّهُ الزَّجَّاج
بِمَا صَحَّ
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس مِنْ
رِوَايَة
طَاوُسٍ فِي
حَدِيث
الْبَاب , وَبِمَا
نَقَلَهُ
الشَّعْبِيّ
عَنْهُ , وَهُوَ
الْمُعْتَمَد
. وَجَزَمَ
بِأَنَّ
الِاسْتِثْنَاء
مُنْقَطِع .
وَفِي سَبَب
نُزُولهَا
قَوْل آخَر
ذَكَرَهُ
الْوَاحِدِيّ
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس
قَالَ :
لَمَّا
قَدِمَ
النَّبِيّ
صَلَّى اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
الْمَدِينَة
كَانَتْ تَنُوبُهُ
نَوَائِب
وَلَيْسَ
بِيَدِهِ شَيْء
, فَجَمَعَ
لَهُ
الْأَنْصَار
مَالًا فَقَالُوا
: يَا رَسُول
اللَّه
إِنَّك اِبْن
أُخْتنَا ,
وَقَدْ
هَدَانَا
اللَّه بِك ,
وَتَنُوبك النَّوَائِب
وَحُقُوق
وَلَيْسَ لَك
سَعَة , فَجَمَعْنَا
لَك مِنْ
أَمْوَالنَا
مَا تَسْتَعِين
بِهِ
عَلَيْنَا ,
فَنَزَلَتْ .
وَهَذِهِ
مِنْ
رِوَايَة
الْكَلْبِيّ
وَنَحْوه مِنْ
الضُّعَفَاء .
وَأَخْرَجَ
مِنْ طَرِيق
مِقْسَمٍ
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس
أَيْضًا
قَالَ بَلَغَ
النَّبِيّ
صَلَّى
اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
عَنْ
الْأَنْصَار
شَيْء
فَخَطَبَ فَقَالَ
أَلَمْ
تَكُونُوا
ضُلَّالًا
فَهَدَاكُمْ
اللَّه بِي ؟
الْحَدِيث ,
وَفِيهِ فَجَثَوْا
عَلَى
الرُّكَب
وَقَالُوا
أَنْفُسنَا
وَأَمْوَالنَا
لَك
فَنَزَلَتْ .
وَهَذَا
أَيْضًا ضَعِيف
وَيُبْطِلهُ
أَنَّ
الْآيَة
مَكِّيَّة وَالْأَقْوَى
فِي سَبَب
نُزُولهَا
عَنْ قَتَادَةَ
قَالَ : قَالَ
الْمُشْرِكُونَ
لَعَلَّ
مُحَمَّدًا
يَطْلُب
أَجْرًا
عَلَى مَا يَتَعَاطَاهُ
فَنَزَلَتْ .
وَزَعَمَ
بَعْضهمْ
أَنَّ هَذِهِ
الْآيَة
مَنْسُوخَة ,
وَرَدَّهُ
الثَّعْلَبِيّ
بِأَنَّ
الْآيَة
دَالَّة
عَلَى الْأَمْر
بِالتَّوَدُّدِ
إِلَى اللَّه
بِطَاعَتِهِ
أَوْ
بِاتِّبَاعِ
نَبِيّه أَوْ
صِلَة رَحِمه
بِتَرْكِ
أَذِيَّته
أَوْ صِلَة أَقَارِبه
مِنْ أَجْله
وَكُلّ
ذَلِكَ
مُسْتَمِرّ
الْحُكْم
غَيْر
مَنْسُوخ ,
وَالْحَاصِل
أَنَّ سَعِيد
بْن جُبَيْر
وَمَنْ
وَافَقَهُ
كَعَلِيِّ بْن
الْحُسَيْن
وَالسُّدِّيِّ
وَعَمْرو بْن
شُعَيْب فِيمَا
أَخْرَجَهُ
الطَّبَرِيُّ
عَنْهُمْ
حَمَلُوا
الْآيَة
عَلَى أَمْر
الْمُخَاطَبِينَ
بِأَنْ
يُوَادِدُوا
أَقَارِب
النَّبِيّ صَلَّى
اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ ,
وَابْن عَبَّاس
حَمَلَهَا
عَلَى أَنْ
يُوَادِدُوا النَّبِيّ
صَلَّى
اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
مِنْ أَجْل
الْقَرَابَة
الَّتِي
بَيْنَهُمْ
وَبَيْنَهُ ,
فَعَلَى
الْأَوَّل
الْخِطَاب
عَامّ لِجَمِيعِ
الْمُكَلَّفِينَ
, وَعَلَى
الثَّانِي
الْخِطَاب
خَاصّ
بِقُرَيْشٍ .
وَيُؤَيِّد
ذَلِكَ أَنَّ
السُّورَة
مَكِّيَّة .
وَقَدْ قِيلَ
إِنَّ هَذِهِ
الْآيَة
نُسِخَتْ بِقَوْلِهِ
: ( قُلْ مَا
أَسْأَلُكُمْ
عَلَيْهِ مِنْ
أَجْر )
وَيُحْتَمَل
أَنْ يَكُون
هَذَا عَامًّا
خُصَّ بِمَا
دَلَّتْ
عَلَيْهِ
آيَة الْبَاب
,
وَالْمَعْنَى
أَنَّ
قُرَيْشًا
كَانَتْ
تَصِل
أَرْحَامهَا ,
فَلَمَّا
بُعِثَ النَّبِيّ
صَلَّى
اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ قَطَعُوهُ
فَقَالَ :
صِلُونِي
كَمَا
تَصِلُونَ
غَيْرِي مِنْ
أَقَارِبكُمْ
. وَقَدْ رَوَى
سَعِيد بْن
مَنْصُور
مِنْ طَرِيق
الشَّعْبِيّ
قَالَ :
أَكْثِرُوا
عَلَيْنَا
فِي هَذِهِ
الْآيَة ,
فَكَتَبْت
إِلَى اِبْن
عَبَّاس
أَسْأَلهُ
عَنْهَا
فَكَتَبَ :
إِنَّ رَسُول
اللَّه صَلَّى
اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
كَانَ وَاسِط
النَّسَب فِي
قُرَيْش ,
لَمْ يَكُنْ
حَيّ مِنْ
أَحْيَاء
قُرَيْش
إِلَّا
وَلَده ,
فَقَالَ اللَّه
( قُلْ لَا
أَسْأَلكُمْ
عَلَيْهِ
أَجْرًا
إِلَّا
الْمَوَدَّةَ
فِي
الْقُرْبَى )
تَوَدُّونِي
بِقَرَابَتِي
مِنْكُمْ ,
وَتَحْفَظُونِي
فِي ذَلِكَ .
وَفِيهِ
قَوْل ثَالِث
أَخْرَجَهُ
أَحْمَد مِنْ
طَرِيق
مُجَاهِد
عَنْ اِبْن
عَبَّاس
أَيْضًا
أَنَّ
النَّبِيّ صَلَّى
اللَّه
عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
قَالَ ( قُلْ
لَا
أَسْأَلكُمْ
عَلَيْهِ
أَجْرًا )
عَلَى مَا
جِئْتُكُمْ
بِهِ مِنْ
الْبَيِّنَات
وَالْهُدَى
إِلَّا أَنْ
تَقَرَّبُوا
إِلَى اللَّه
بِطَاعَتِهِ ,
وَفِي
إِسْنَاده
ضَعْف . وَثَبَتَ
عَنْ
الْحَسَن
الْبَصْرِيّ
نَحْوه ,
وَالْأَجْر
عَلَى هَذَا
مَجَاز .
وَقَوْله "
الْقُرْبَى "
هُوَ مَصْدَر
كَالزُّلْفَى
وَالْبُشْرَى
بِمَعْنَى
الْقَرَابَة ,
وَالْمُرَاد
فِي أَهْل
الْقُرْبَى ,
وَعَبَّرَ
بِلَفْظِ " فِي
" دُونَ
اللَّام
كَأَنَّهُ
جَعَلَهُمْ
مَكَانًا
لِلْمَوَدَّةِ
وَمَقَرًّا
لَهَا , كَمَا
يُقَال لِي
فِي آلِ
فُلَان هَوًى
أَيْ هُمْ
مَكَان
هَوَايَ ,
وَيُحْتَمَل
أَنْ تَكُون "
فِي "
سَبَبِيَّة ,
وَهَذَا
عَلَى أَنَّ
الِاسْتِثْنَاء
مُتَّصِل ,
فَإِنْ كَانَ
مُنْقَطِعًا
فَالْمَعْنَى
لَا
أَسْأَلكُمْ
عَلَيْهِ
أَجْرًا
قَطُّ ,
وَلَكِنْ
أَسْأَلكُمْ
أَنْ
تَوَدُّونِي
بِسَبَبِ
قَرَابَتِي
فِيكُمْ
It is quite obvious under the
heading of the verse Imaam Bukhari has written exactly the same sentence of the
Ayaah (verse) that occurs in the Glorious Qur’aan. Then as an explanation to it
Ibn Abbas رضى
الله عنه was asked to comment on the Ayaah إِلَّا
الْمَوَدَّةَ
فِي
الْقُرْبَى except to be
kind to me for my kinship with you. And what Ibn Abbas
رضى الله
عنه said/explained
(beginning with ILLA
ANN TASILOU) that is falsely and fraudulently used by S.D. Margoliouth to slander against Imaam
Bukhari, while concealing his ignorance of Arabic and his lack of understanding
of Glorious Qur’aan and Ahadeeth.
Readers can notice the deep rooted hate, perjury and
deception of Christian Orientalists in this case of D. S. Margoliouth, who has
shown his malice and grudge against Islaam in all his writings. We read in the
Glorious Qur’aan:
Surah Al-Baqarah 10
فِي
قُلُوبِهِمْ
مَرَضٌ
فَزَادَهُمُ
اللَّهُ
مَرَضًا
وَلَهُمْ
عَذَابٌ
أَلِيمٌ
بِمَا
كَانُوا
يَكْذِبُونَ
In their hearts is a disease (of doubt and hypocrisy) and
Allâh has increased their disease. A painful torment is theirs because they
used to tell lies.